Ovarian Dermoid Cyst: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Table Of Content

• When should I see my healthcare provider?
• Health topics
• What does an ovarian cyst feel like?
• Possible Complications
• What can I expect if I have a dermoid cyst?
• Dermoid cysts (sometimes called benign mature cystic teratomas)
• What are the symptoms of an ovarian dermoid cyst?
• How do healthcare providers diagnose teratomas?

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When should I see my healthcare provider?

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However, Dr Reid says she sees a many cases every year where a functional cyst bursts or bleeds and the patient can end up in the emergency department. People should seek prompt medical help if complications develop. It’s even possible to have one with eyes — at least parts of them, including eyeballs. But to date, there’s no record of a teratoma with complete body organs. Your provider may want to check you again in 6 to 8 weeks to make sure it is gone. Dermoid cysts more often involve the lumbosacral region than the thoracic vertebrae and are extramedullary presenting in the first decade of life.

Health topics

Treatment for dermoid cyst is complete surgical removal, preferably in one piece and without any spillage of cyst contents. Marsupialization, a surgical technique often used to treat pilonidal cyst, is inappropriate for dermoid cyst due to the risk of malignancy. Endometriomas, and endometriosis in general, are linked with reduced fertility and infertility.

What does an ovarian cyst feel like?

An ovarian cyst is a sac filled with fluid or semisolid material that forms on or within one or both of your ovaries. Your ovaries are small organs in your pelvis that hold egg cells and make hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. If you’re having abdominal pain or prolonged, intense discomfort that doesn’t seem quite normal, it’s possible you have an ovarian cyst.

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But, regular pelvic exams help ensure that changes in your ovaries are diagnosed as early as possible. Make a note of unusual menstrual symptoms, especially ones that go on for more than a few cycles. Talk to your health care provider about changes that concern you.

Usually it's nothing to worry about, but tell your doctor if you have new symptoms of pelvic pain, bloating, heavy bleeding, or bleeding outside of your period. You may need surgery or other medical treatment for ovarian cysts that get bigger, cause symptoms, or don’t go away on their own. Get help right away if you have sudden, serious belly pain along with nausea, throwing up, fever, dizziness, or other signs of a burst ovarian cyst. Ovarian dermoid cysts are the most common type of benign ovarian germ cell tumor. They’re the most common type of ovarian tumor found during pregnancy.

You may have a follow-up ultrasound within a few weeks or months after your diagnosis to see if your cyst has resolved on its own. Ovarian cysts are usually small enough that most people with ovaries don’t even realize they have one. In fact, Dr. Kho says that many cysts are diagnosed incidentally during annual pelvic exams or imaging tests that are performed for another reason. While there are not many other treatment options, Dr Reid said the contraceptive pill has been shown to reduce ovarian cysts because it prevents ovulation.

A healthcare provider can remove your cyst if there’s a risk of it damaging your ovary or rupturing. Dermoid cysts tend to occur in younger women, most commonly being diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40. These types of ovarian cysts can grow quite large - up to 15 cm across. These cysts often contain odd contents such as hair, parts of teeth or bone, fatty tissue, etc.

Exactly why cancer develops is very complicated, and not fully understood. We do know, though, that cancer cells develop genetic changes which allow them to grow rapidly and spread to other areas of the body. Tell your doctor right away if you have sudden belly pain or other severe symptoms. If your ultrasound or blood tests show signs of ovarian cancer, your doctor may advise surgery to remove an enlarged cyst as well as part or all of your ovary. Treatment for ovarian cysts depends on the type of cyst, your age and your general health.

Dermoid cysts in ovaries typically are present at birth but may not grow or become symptomatic for many years. Ovarian cysts are common in people who have monthly periods. Most go away on their own and don’t pose a serious health risk. Teratomas might sound like something out of a sci-fi movie. But they’re really just a result of germ cells going rogue.

Ovulation is the release of an egg from one of the ovaries. It often happens about midway through the menstrual cycle, although the exact timing may vary. Eggs are released in monthly cycles during the childbearing years. Ovarian cysts can affect females of any age — even pre-pubescent girls can develop complex cysts on their ovaries.

They’re common, especially when you're pregnant or haven’t gone through menopause yet. Most of the time, they don't hurt or cause any problems. You might get one every month as part of your menstrual cycle and never know it. Functional ovarian cysts usually go away without treatment. If your cyst is likely functional, your provider may suggest a wait-and-see approach.